Variations associated with high division of the superficial brachial artery

Introduction Several investigators reported variations in the arterial pattern of upper limb [1–2]. Most of these variations hypothesized by the failure of regression of some paths of embryonic arterial trunks [2]. The presence of superficial brachial artery (SBA) and the usual pattern of its branching in the upper arm or forearm have also been reported with prevalence rate varying from 0.2–25%, usually seen unilaterally [2–5]. Concurrent occurrence of high division of the superficial brachial artery and superficial radial artery in the same extremity is rare. The radial artery may occasionally arise from the continuation of SBA, or as a high proximal division of an otherwise usual brachial artery. It can give rise to the common interosseous artery [6]. Knowledge of such variations has clinical importance during intravenous drug applications and any operations of the arm and forearm (flap surgery of the forearm, amputations, the use of radial artery coronary artery bypass surgery and fasciotomy to treat compartment syndrome).